Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices (CIEDs)

cie4dCardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED), or Cardiac Rhythm Management Devices (CRMD), are a very common medical device. The number of implanted cardiovascular devices has dramatically increased in recent years. ManyCardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) is a term that encompasses pacemakers for bradyarrhythmia treatment, implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) for tachyarrhythmia